Drumlougher Lough is a large, diverse site, situated in a irregular hollow with many rocky outcrops. A wide range of habitats occur as a mosaic. Substantial areas of cut-over bog support various fen and swamp communities, which occur in scattered stands throughout the site.
Floating mats of base rich fen are dominated by species such as bottle sedge, march cinquefoil and bog-bean. Within the acid fen vegetation, a range of sedge species such as star sedge, white sedge and common sedge occur over a dense carpet of Sphagnum mosses. Swamp can be found fringing the peat cuttings and in shallows around the edge of the lake.
Notable plants include least bur-reed, bog-sedge and marsh speedwell.
Additional habitat diversity is provided by the open water of the lough, regenerating bog, wet and dry heath, acid grassland and scrub.
The site also supports a rich invertebrate fauna with a large number of notable and rare species present.
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